[논문]노인의 심리사회적 지지, 죽음준비도, 자아통합감이 죽음불안에 미치는 영향

김대경; 이현심

doi:10.15207/jkcs.2018.9.11.433

노인의 심리사회적 지지, 죽음준비도, 자아통합감이 죽음불안에 미치는 영향
The Effect of Psychosocial Support, Death Preparedness, and Ego Integrity on Death Anxiety in Old People 원문보기

한국융합학회논문지 = Journal of the Korea Convergence Society, v.9 no.11, 2018년, pp.433 - 441

김대경 (서울벤처대학원대학교) , 이현심 (서울벤처대학원대학교 사회복지상담학과)

초록
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본 연구는 노인의 심리사회적 지지 및 죽음준비도, 자아통합감이 죽음불안에 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 하였다. 연구진행은 서울지역 복지관에서 활동하는 노인, 직장에 근무하는 노인, 재가노인들을 대상으로 2017년 2월부터 5월까지 자료를 수집하였다. 설문지는 총 350부를 배부하여 유효한 자료로 320부를 최종 분석에 사용하였으며, SPSS 24.0과 AMOS 20.0을 활용하였다. 본 연구의 결과에서 심리사회적 지지는 죽음불안에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났지만, 죽음준비도와 자아통합감은 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 토대로 노인의 죽음에 관하여 보다 긍정적으로 받아들이고 자아를 재통합하면서 성공적인 노화를 도울 수 있는 정책적인 지원과 실천적인 방법으로는 죽음준비교육 및 상담 교육 프로그램 개발이 필요함을 제언하였다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

The purpose of this study is to understand the effect of psychosocial support, death preparedness, and ego integrity on death anxiety in old people. The participant of this study were the elderly who attended welfare centers, worked in their workplaces, or lived at their home in Seoul regions, from whom this study had collected their data from February to May 2017. A total of 350 questionnaires were distributed and 329 copies of them were used for its final analysis using SPSS 24.0 and AMOS 20.0 statistical programs. According to the results of this study, psychosocial support had no statistically significant effect on death anxiety, whereas death preparedness and ego integrity had statistically significant effects on death anxiety. Based upon these research results, this study suggested that it is necessary to develop death education and counseling programs as policy supports and practical methods for helping old people to accept their death positively, reintegrate their ego, and perform their successful aging.

주제어

표/그림 (6)

그림 Fig. 1. Research Models
표 Table 1. Multivariate normality analysis results
표 Table 2. Goodness-of-fit analysis results in the measurement model
표 Table 3. The results of confirmatory factor analysis on the measurement model
표 Table 4. The goodness-of-fit indices of the structural model
표 Table 5. The path coefficients of the structural model

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문제 정의

As such, this study tries to understand how conflicting results in previous studies affect itself. In other words, it intends to figure out if psychological support, self-integration, and preparation for death of the elderly have significant effects on the anxiety of death.
So, it is required to accept and regard their own life for physically and psychologically healthy old age. It can be meaningful that this study examined how ego integrity affects death anxiety in that ego integrity positively accepts death approaching everybody to relieve death anxiety. Moreover, if old people can accept their past life through reflections on death to reilluminate their life and so prepare for death as the strategy for enhancing the quality of life, death anxiety can be reduced considerably.

가설 설정

Hypothesis 2. Death preparedness will influence death anxiety.
Hypothesis 3. Ego integrity will influence death anxiety.

제안 방법

Among social support scales which [29] had developed and then [30] had modified and standardized so as to be appropriate to the situation of old people in our country, this study used the questionnaire into which indirectly perceived social support scales had been modified and standardized. The scales are composed of a total of 14 items, which indicate that social support is high if scores are high.
Based upon the scale which [31] had developed, this study standardized death preparedness, which was composed of a total of 7 items. This scale indicates that death preparedness is high if scores are high.
Because the validity and reliability of the measurement model were ensured, this study confirmed the goodness-of-fits and path coefficients of the structural model, and then set up the structural model. Table 4 shows the results of testing the goodness-of-fit of the structural model.
For its data analysis, this study used SPSS 24.0 and AMOS 20.0 statistical programs to set up the statstatistical significance levels of all the analyses as 0.05 as well as evaluate and present significance at the level of 0.01 and 0.001 if necessary as the general characteristics of research subjects were controlled.
000), which did not meet the goodness-of-fit criteria of the model. However, since x² was sensitive to the number of cases, this study evaluates the goodness-of-fit of the model in consideration of other goodness-of-fits. Such other goodness-of-fit indices included GFI as .
This study empirically analyzed the effect of psychosocial support, death preparedness, and ego integrity on death anxiety in old people. The results of this study are as follows.
This study used the instrument of ego integrity having been developed by [32], which are composed of a total of 16 items to indicate that ego integrity is high if the scores of this instrument are high. The reliability of this instrument had been 0.
This study used the scale into which [33] had modified 34 items developed by [34], and so composed a total of 20 items to indicate that death anxiety is high if the scores of this instrument are high. The reliability of this instrument had been 0.

대상 데이터

For sampling, the researchers conducted training on the survey results, purpose and method before the survey, and distributed 350 copies. 320 of them were used for the final analysis.
The participants were chosen voluntarily to select participants in various fields for sampling for the elderly at community welfare centers in Seoul, The survey period for this study was conducted from February to May 2017 and the population was set to be aged 65 or older men and women. For sampling, the researchers conducted training on the survey results, purpose and method before the survey, and distributed 350 copies.

성능/효과

First, the path coefficient of psychosocial support → death anxiety was 0.056(C.R.=0.978, p=.328), which was not significant under the significance level of 0.05 to reject the hypothesis that psychosocial support will influence death anxiety (Hypothesis 1).
Second, the path coefficient of death preparedness → death anxiety was 0.154(C.R.=3.091, p=.002), which was significant under the significance level of 0.05 to accept the hypothesis that death preparedness will affect death anxiety (Hypothesis 2).
Third, the path coefficient of ego integrity → death anxiety was -0.293(C.R.=-3.924, p<.001), which was significant under the significance level of 0.05 to accept the hypothesis that ego integrity will influence death anxiety (Hypothesis 3).

후속연구

Later on, the need to expand to a wider area or age range, including farming and fishing villages, and research will be required on the elderly who exposed to various environments. This suggests that the more people think about death, the more they fear it, but if they realize and prepare it correctly with a systematic approach, death anxiety will ease off.

참고문헌 (44)

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상세보기
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상세보기
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원문보기 상세보기
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