[논문]발효기간에 따른 돌산갓김치의 glucosinolates 함량변화와 항산화, 항고혈압 및 항당뇨활성과의 상관관계

오선경; 김기웅; 최명락

doi:10.5352/jls.2018.28.11.1290

발효기간에 따른 돌산갓김치의 glucosinolates 함량변화와 항산화, 항고혈압 및 항당뇨활성과의 상관관계
Changes in Glucosinolate Content of Dolsan Leaf Mustard Kimchi during Fermentation and Correlation with Antioxidant, Antihypertensive, and Antidiabetic Activities 원문보기

생명과학회지 = Journal of life science, v.28 no.11 = no.223, 2018년, pp.1290 - 1300

오선경 (전남대학교 생명산업공학과) , 김기웅 (전남대학교 해양바이오식품학과) , 최명락 (전남대학교 생명산업공학과)

초록
AI-Helper

돌산갓김치의 조추출물을 이용하여 glucosinolates함량, 항산화활성, 항고혈압 및 항당뇨활성을 측정하였다. Glucosinolates 함량은 DLMK의 잎과 줄기에서 6.41, 7.92 mg/g으로 발효기간 중 낮은 함량을 나타냈다. Total polyphenol과 total flavonoid함량은 줄기보다 잎에서 발효기간 동안 2배 이상의 함량을 나타냈다. ABTS라디컬 소거활성과 EDA은 발효 14일째 대조군과 유사한 활성을 나타냈고, FRAP는 발효 14일째 잎에서 대조군보다 높은 함량을 나타냈다. 그리고 항고혈압 활성(ACE 저해활성)은 잎에서 대조군인 0.01% captopril과 비슷하거나 높은 저해활성을 나타냈으며, 항당뇨활성(${\alpha}$-glucosidase 저해활성)은 대조군인 0.05% acarbose보다 잎, 줄기에서 높은 저해활성을 나타냈다. 또한 glucosinolates 함량과 ABTS 및 EDA, ACE 저해활성 및 ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 저해활성의 상관관계는 줄기 추출물 보다 잎 추출물이 높은 양의 상관관계를 나타냈다. 발효기간 중 glucosinolates는 sinigrin, glucobrassicin, glucotropaeolin, progoitrin 검출되었다. 이 결과를 통해 돌산 갓김치 추출물은 항산화, 항고혈압 및 항당뇨활성에 효과가 높은 것으로 나타냈기에 기능성 식품으로서 가치가 높을 것으로 기대된다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

The glucosinolate content, antioxidant activity, and antihypertensive and antidiabetic activities were measured in a crude extract of Dolsan leaf mustard kimchi (DLMK). The glucosinolate content was low at 6.41 and 7.92 mg/g in leaves and stems of DLMK after 21 days of fermentation. The total polyphenol and total flavonoid contents were more than 2 times higher in the leaves (211.7 mg GAE/g, 158.8 mg QE/g) than in the stem (53.7 mg GAE/g, 85.2 mg QE/g) during the fermentation period. The 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity and electron donating ability (EDA) were similar to those of the control group after 14 days of fermentation, while the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) was higher in the leaves after 14 days of fermentation when compared to the control group. The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity showed similar or higher inhibitory activity in the leaves when compared to the control group (0.01% captopril), and the ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity was higher in the leaves and stems when compared to the control group (0.05% acarbose). The glucosinolate content and the ABTS, ACE, and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity were correlated, as determined by the observed straight line plot with a positive grade. During the fermentation period, the detected glucosinolates were sinigrin, glucobrasicin, glucotropeolin, and progoitrin. The DLMK extract is therefore expected to be valuable as a functional food because of its effective antioxidant, antihypertensive, and antidiabetic activities.

주제어

표/그림 (6)

표 Table 1. Content of glucosinolates in DLMK extracts during the fermentation period
그림 Fig. 1. Changes in total polyphenol (A) and total flavonoid (B) content in DLMK during the fermentation period. Vertical bars represents standard deviation (n=3). Same small letters (a-b) are not significantly different (p<0.05) by Duncan’s multiple test.
그림 Fig. 2. Changes in 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity (A), electron donating ability (EDA) (B) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) (C) in DLMK during the fermentation period. Vertical bars represents standard deviation (n=3). Same small letters (a-c) are not significantly different (p<0.05) by Duncan’s multiple test.
그림 Fig. 3. Changes in angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) (A) and α-glucosidase (B) inhibitory activities of DLMK during the fermentation period. Vertical bars represents standard deviation (n=3). Same small letters (a-c) are not significantly different (p<0.05) by Duncan’s multiple test.
그림 Fig. 4. Glucosinolates content of leaves and stems extracts of DLMK and correlations between measured electron donating ability (EDA) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging (A, C) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities (B, D).
그림 Fig. 5. Mass spectra showing retention times and MS/MS fragments at m/z 369.12, 302.07, 317.07, and 479.11, representing glucobrassicin (A), sinigrin (B), glucotropaeolin (C), and progoitrin (D), respectively, in DLMK extract. It represents ESI full scan mode and ESI ms2.

AI 본문요약
AI-Helper

* AI 자동 식별 결과로 적합하지 않은 문장이 있을 수 있으니, 이용에 유의하시기 바랍니다.

제안 방법

The standard sinigrin and 6 species reagent was prepared at concentrations of 125, 250, 500, and 1,000 ppm. All HPLC measurements were made in triplicate, and the mean values were used to create a standard curve. The standard curve was used to measure the changes in glucosinolates content in DLMK during storage.
Analysis of different parts of DMS extracts was performed through LC-PDA/MS/MS conducted using a Thermo LTQ Orbitrap XL system connected to a Shimadzu UFLC; sinigrin and its derivatives were investigated in positive ion mode. Phenomenex KINETEX C-18 columns (150×2.
Leaf mustard kimchi is expected to have physiological functionality owing to the bioactive substances formed during fermentation. However, this study was designed to investigate the relationship between the antioxidant and biological activity and the glucosinolates content of crude Dolsan leaf mustard kimchi (DLMK) extract. The DLMK extract was prepared by separating the crude extract isolated during the fermentation period using analytical high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and LC-PDA/MS/MS.
The ACE inhibitory activity was measured according to the methods of Cushman and Cheung [5] with slight a modification. The ACE (peptidyldipeptide hydrolase, EC 3.
The analytical-HPLC measurements were conducted using a Shimadzu JP/LC-10A HPLC equipped with a CDD-6A detector and a Shim-pack VP octadecylsilane (ODS) column (250×4.6 mm i.d.; Shimadzu, Tokyo, Japan).
, Tokyo, Japan). The filtrates were placed in vials, and triplicate HPLC measurements were obtained. Each peak was fractionated based on the retention time (RT) of DLMK leaves and stems.

대상 데이터

Phenomenex KINETEX C-18 columns (150×2.1 mm, 2.6 μm) were used as analysis columns; the column temperature was maintained at 40℃, the detection wavelength was 228 nm (Shimadzu, SPD-M20A), and the flow rate was 0.15 ml/min.
The Dolsan leaf mustard used in this study was harvested in March by the Dolsan Leaf Mustard Farming Association located in Dolsan-eup, City of Yeosu, Southern Jeolla Province. The additional ingredients including garlic, green onion, pepper, and ginger were purchased from a local market, and the spices were mixed in the proportions shown in Table 1.

데이터처리

Different superscript lower-case letters in the same row (a-e) and in the same column (A-D) indicate significant differences by Duncan’s multiple range test (p<0.05).
One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan’s test were used for multiple comparisons using the SPSS version 21.0 (SPSS Institute, Chicago, IL, USA).

성능/효과

The EDA values for DLMK extract to DPPH were found to be 24.38-81.51% and 14.62-81.14% in leaves and stems, respectively, with no significant difference observed between leaves and stems (p<0.05).
Jang [13] found that DLM and DLMK extracts have concentration-dependent DPPH radical-scavenging activities. The concentration at which 50% DPPH radical scavenging was observed for DLM and DLMK were obtained, and DLM (5.79 mg) showed greater activity than DLMK (9.17 mg). In this study, the electron donating effect from DLMK extract to DPPH was low because the antioxidant components contained in leaf mustard were degraded during the kimchi manufacturing process.
The correlation coefficient (R2) values of the GSL content of the DLMK leaves extracts with the EDA and ABTS radical scavenging and ACE, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities were 0.9705, 0.9461, 0.9694, and 0.8758, respectively, while those of the stems extracts were 0.9601, 0.9425, 0.9381, and 0.9734, respectively.

참고문헌 (44)

Benzie, M. S. 1958. Antioxidants determination by the use of a stable free radical. Nature 181, 1199-1200.
Choi, S. W., Kang, W. W., Chung, S. K. and Cheon, S. H. 1996. Antioxidative activity of flavonoids in persimmon leaves. Food Sci. Biotechnol. 2, 119-123.
Choi, Y. M., Gu, J. B., Kim, M. H. and Lee, J. S. 2008. Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of methanolic extracts from thirty Korean medicinal plants. Food Sci. Biotechnol. 17, 1235-1239.

원문보기 상세보기
Cieslik, E., Leszczynska, T., Filipiak-Florliewicz, A., Sikora, E. and Pisulewski, P. 2007. Effects of some technological processes on glucosinolate contents in cruciferous vegetables. Food Chem. 105, 976-981.

상세보기
Cushman, D. W. and Cheung, H. S. 1971. Spectrophotometric assay and properties of the angiotensin conververting enzyme of rabbit lung. Biochem. Pharmacol. 20, 1637-1648.
David, S. S. 1995. Plant Secondary Metabolism. KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHER. pp. 300-310.
Fernandes, C. F. and Shahani, K. M. 1990. Anticarcinogenic and immunological properties of dietary. J. Food Prot. 53, 704-707.
Ferreres, F., Gomes, D., Valentao, P., Goncalved, R., Pio, R., Chagas, E. A., Seabra, R. M. and Andrade, P. B. 2009. Improved loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) cultivars: Variation of phenolics and antioxidative potential. Food Chem. 114, 1019-1027.

상세보기
Fisher, P. B., Karlsson, G. B., Dwek, R. A. and Platt, F. M. 1996. N-butyldeoxynojirimycin-mediated inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus entry correlates with impaired qp120 shedding and qp41 exposure. J. Virol. 70, 7153-7160.
Harbaum, B., Hubbermann, E. M., Zhu, Z. and Schwarz, K. 2008. Impact of fermentation on phenolic compounds in leaves of pak choi (Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis var. communis) and Chinese leaf mustard (Brassica juncea Coss). J. Agric. Food Chem. 56, 148-157.

상세보기
Huang, D., Ou, B. and Prior, R. L. 2005. The chemistry behind antioxidant capacity assays. J. Agric. Food Chem. 53, 1841-1856.

상세보기
Jia, Z., Tang, M. and Wu, J. 1999. The determination of flavonoid contents in mulberry and they scavenging effects on super-oxide radicals. Food Chem. 64, 555-559.
Jang, M. Y. 2013. A study on the nutrient composition and antioxidants of leaf mustard (Brassica juncea). MS thesis, Chonnam University, Korea
Jung, S. J., Kim, M. J. and Chae, S. W. 2016. Quality and functional characteristics of kimchi made with organically cultivated young Chinese cabbage (olgari-baechu). J. Ethnic Foods. 3, 150-158.
Kim, J. O., Kim, M. N., Park, K. Y., Moon, S. H., Ha, Y. L. and Rhee, S. H. 1993. Antimutagenic effects of 4-decanol identified from mustard leaf. J. Kor. Agric. Chem. Soc. 36, 424-427.
Kim, S. B., Lee, T. G., Park, Y. B., Yeum, D. M., Kim, O. K., Byun, H. S. and Park, Y. H. 1993. Characeristic of angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitors derived from fermented fish product. Bull. Kor. Fish. Soc. 26, 416-417.
Kriengsak, T., Unaroj, B., Kevin, C., Luis, C. Z. and David, H. B. 2006. Comparison of ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, and ORAC assays for estimating antioxidant activity from guava fruit extracts. J. Food Comp. Anal. 19, 669-675.
Lee, B. B., Park, S. R., Han, C. S., Han, D. Y., Park, E. J., Park, H. R. and Lee, S. C. 2008. Antioxidant activity and inhibition activity against ${\alpha}$ -amylase and ${\alpha}$ -glucosidase of viola mandshurica extracts. J. Kor. Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 37, 405-409.
Lee, J. N., Kim, S. W., Yoo, Y. K., Lee, G. T. and Lee, K. K. 2006. Antiwrinkle effect of Morinda citrifolia (Noni) extracts. J. Kor. Soc. Cosmet. Scientists 32, 227-231.
Lee, Y. O. and Cheigh, H. S. 1996. Antioxidant activity of various solvent extracts from freeze dried kimchi. J. Life Sci. 6, 66-71.
Lim, H. S. 2002. The study for contents of sinigrin in Dolsan Leaf Mustard kimchi during fermentation periods. J. Life Sci. 12, 523-527.
Lim, H. S., Yoo, E. J. and Choi, M. R. 2000. Changes physiological activity of Mustard Leaf during its fermentation period. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 10, 43-47.
Noh, H. and Song, K. B. 2001. Isolation of an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor from Oenanthe javanica. Agric. Chem. Biotechnol. 44, 98-99.

원문보기 상세보기
Oh, S. K., Kim, K. W. and Choi, M. R. 2016. Antioxidant activity of different parts of Dolsan leaf mustard. Food Sci. Biotechnol. 25, 1463-1467.

원문보기 상세보기
Oh, S. K., Tsukamoto, C., Kim, K. W. and Choi, M. R. 2017. Investigation of glucosinolates, and the antioxidant activity of Dolsan leaf mustard kimchi extract using HPLC and LC-PDA-MS/MS. J. Food Biochem. e 12366.
Park, K. Y. 1995. The nutritional evaluation, and antimutagenic and anticancer effects of kimchi. J. Kor. Soc. Food Nutr. 24, 169-182.
Park, K. Y., Baek, K. A., Rhee, S. H. and Cheigh, H. S. 1995. Antimutagenic effect of kimchi. Foods Biotech. 4, 141-143.
Park, S. K., Cho, Y. S., Park, J. R., Chun, S. S. and Moon, J. S. 1993. Non-volatile organic acid, mineral, fatty acid and fiber compositions in Dolsan Leaf Mustard (Brassica juncea). J. Kor. Soc. Food Nutr. 22, 53-57.
Pratt, D. E., Huang, M. T., Ho, S. T. and Lee, C. Y. 1992. In phenolic compound in food and their effects on health (II), antioxidants and cancer prevention. PP 54-71, Washington DC.
Roberty, R., Anna, P., Catherine, R. E. and Min, P. Icolettap. 1999. Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 26, 1231-1237.

상세보기
Sa, Y. J., Kim, J. S., Kim, M. O., Jeong, H. J., Yu, C. Y., Park, D. S. and Kim, M. J. 2010. Comparative study of electron donating ability, reducing power, antimicrobial activity and inhibition of ${\alpha}$ -glucosidase by Sorghum bicolor extracts. J. Kor. Food Sci. Biotechnol. 42, 598-604.
Seong, G. U., Hwang, I. W. and Chung, S. K. 2016. Antioxidant capacities and polyphenolics of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. Pekinensis) leaves. Food Chem. 199, 612-618.

상세보기
Shin, J. I., Ahn, C. W., Nam, H. S., Lee, H. J., Lee, H. J. and Moon, T. H. 1995. Fractionati-on of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides from soybean paste. J. Kor. Food Sci. Technol. 27, 230-234.
Singleton, V. L. and Rossi, J. A. Jr. 1965. Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomoly bdicphosphotungstic acid reagent. Am. J. Enol. Viticult. 16, 144-158.
Son, H. R., Oh, S. K., Bae, S. O. and Choi, M. R. 2016. Analysis of physicochemical property and antioxidative activity of Napa cabbage pickle. J. Life Sci. 26, 1275-1281.
Song, E. S., Jeon, Y. S. and Cheigh, H. S. 1997. Changes in chlorophylls and carotenoids of mustard leaf Kimchi during fermentation and their antioxidative activities on the lipid oxidation. J. Kor. Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 26, 563-568.
Song, H. N. 2013. Quality analysis for recycle of the drained soybean boiling water discarded in the mass production of fermented soy foods. Kor. J. Food Cookery Sci. 29, 525-531.
Song, L. and Thornalley, P. J. 2007. Effect of storage, processing and cooking on glucosinolate content of Brassica vegetables. Food Chem. Toxicol. 45, 216-224.

상세보기
Tanielian, C. and Wolff, C. 1988. Mechanism of physical quenching of singlet molecular oxygen by chlorophylls and related compounds of biological interest. J. Photochem. Photobiol. 3, 277-280.
Tsao, R., Yu, Q., Potter, J. and Chiba, M. 2002. Direct and simultaneous analysis of sinigrin and allyl Isothiocyanate in mustad samples by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. J. Agric Food Chem. 50, 4749-4753.
Wang, M. F., Shao, Y., Li, J. G., Zhu, N. Q. and Ho, C. T. 1998. Antioxidative phenolic compounds from sage (Salvia officinalis). J. Agric. Food Chem. 46, 4869-4873.

상세보기
Watanabe, J., Kawabata, J., Kurihara, H. and Niki, R. 1997. Isolation and identification of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors from tochu-cha (Eucommia ulmoides). Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 61, 177-178.

상세보기
Wattenberg, W. and Loud, W. D. 1987. Inhibition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon induced neopasa by naturally occurring indoles. J. Cancer Res. 38, 1410-1413.
Wolff, S. P., Jiang, Z. Y. and Hunt, J. V. 1991. Protein glycation and oxidative stress in diaetes mellitus and ageing. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 10, 339-352.

저자의 다른 논문 :

표제어: PCR

동의어: Packet Collision Rate

용어 설명 출처 목록 (6)

용어 설명: PCR은 세균 특이성이 있는 primer를 이용하여 적은 수의 세균이 있을지라도 쉽게 검출할 수 있는 유용한 방법이며, 이를 이용하여 구강 내 치면세균막이나 타액에서 직접 세균을 검출할 수 있게 되었다[8].

내보내기 구분	파일저장 인쇄 메일전송
구성항목	기본정보 상세정보 관리번호, 논문명, 저널/프로시딩명, 저자 , 발행년, 권, 호, 시작페이지, 끝페이지, 발행기관 관리번호, 논문명, 대등논문명, 저자 , 저널/프로시딩명, 발행기관, 발행년, 발행언어, 권, 호, 시작페이지, 끝페이지, ISBN, ISSN, 주제분야, 키워드, 초록(한글), 초록(영문), 저자(소속기관)
저장형식	Text(ASCII format) Excel format RefWorks Direct Export RIS format (for Reference Manager, ProCite, EndNote), Scholar's Aids, Mendeley
메일정보	받는사람 (필수) @ 보내는사람 (선택) @ 제목 내용 KISTI 검색결과 이메일 서비스
안내	총 건의 자료가 검색되었습니다. 다운받으실 자료의 인덱스를 입력하세요. (1-10,000) 검색결과의 순서대로 최대 10,000건 까지 다운로드가 가능합니다. 데이타가 많을 경우 속도가 느려질 수 있습니다.(최대 2~3분 소요) 다운로드 파일은 UTF-8 형태로 저장됩니다. 파일의 내용이 제대로 보이지 않을실 때는 웹브라우저 상단의 보기 -> 인코딩 -> 자동선택 여부를 확인하십시오. ~ Text(ASCII format) Excel format