[논문]청소년 체험활동 만족도가 사회적 위축에 미치는 영향: 자아존중감과 공동체의식의 매개효과

조연수; 한세영

doi:10.6115/fer.2019.017

[국내논문] 청소년 체험활동 만족도가 사회적 위축에 미치는 영향: 자아존중감과 공동체의식의 매개효과
Relationship between satisfaction with adolescent extracurricular activities and social withdrawal: The mediating effect of self-esteem and sense of community 원문보기

Family and environment research : fer, v.57 no.2, 2019년, pp.243 - 255

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

This study examines the effect of satisfaction with adolescent extracurricular activities on social withdrawal with a focus on the mediating effect of self-esteem and sense of community. We used data from the 3rd wave (2012) of the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) collected by the National Youth Policy Institute for path analysis. Participants were 1,139 first year middle school students who participated in adolescent extracurricular activities. First, the degree of satisfaction with the adolescent extracurricular activities had an indirect effect on social withdrawal via self-esteem. Second, satisfaction with the adolescent extracurricular activities had an indirect effect on social withdrawal via a sense of community. Lastly, satisfaction with adolescent extracurricular activities had an indirect effect on social withdrawal via self-esteem and a sense of community. The research findings indicate that the level of social withdrawal is less when adolescents are satisfied with adolescent extracurricular activities and have a high level of self-esteem and sense of community. The results demonstrate that a satisfactory level of adolescent extracurricular activity would help adolescents decrease their social withdrawal by increasing the level of self-esteem and sense of community.

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문제 정의

In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of the community contribute to the cultivation of sociality and ameliorate symptoms such as social withdrawal by establishing mutual dependence, democracy, and openness based on a sound conscience, solidarity, and social responsibility (Park, 2009). Thus, this study tested how self-esteem and a sense of community, among various contextual factors which affect social withdrawal, mediate the relationship between adolescent extracurricular activities and social withdrawal.
Paths among the factors exist in part; however, most research has focused on the quantitative aspects of adolescent extracurricular activities with few studies investigating the role of self-esteem, sense of community between adolescent extracurricular activities and social withdrawal. This study therefore examines the path by which satisfaction with adolescent extracurricular activities affects social withdrawal via self-esteem and a sense of community indirectly.
This study investigated the indirect effect of satisfaction with adolescent extracurricular activities on social withdrawal through self-esteem and a sense of community in adolescent respondents. The current project used data from the third wave of in the 2010 Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) that consisted of 1,139 adolescent participants who were in their first year of middle school in 2010.
Lastly, this study used the overall average of the satisfaction score of four sections of adolescent extracurricular activities determined as social activities to draw a broader conclusion not limited to one area. The findings from this study provide basic information to develop policies about adolescent extracurricular activities that assist the efforts of adolescents to develop socioemotionally as well as help develop intervention programs to protect adolescents from the risks of social withdrawal.

제안 방법

The survey investigated adolescents’ experience with extracurricular activities that included 9 sections (health activities, scientific information activities, interchange activities, adventure and pioneering activities, culture and art activities, volunteer activities, work experience activities, environmental conservation activities, and self-improvement activities).
They were asked to respond to five positive items and five negative items on a four-point scale ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree (e.g., “On the whole, I am satisfied with myself.”, “I feel that I have a number of good qualities”, and “All in all, I am inclined to feel that I am a failure.”).
The measurement is a revised version of ‘Development of behavior problem scale for children and adolescence’ (Kim & Kim, 1998) by the National Youth Policy Institute (NYPI) (e.g., “I am shy.”, “It’s difficult to express my opinion clearly.”, and “I don’t like to stand out.”).
Third, precedent studies have suggested the importance of the quantitative aspects of adolescent extracurricular activities, such as participation and length of participation; however, this study found a significant influence in the qualitative aspects of adolescent extracurricular activities on adolescent emotional problems. Lastly, this study used the overall average of the satisfaction score of four sections of adolescent extracurricular activities determined as social activities to draw a broader conclusion not limited to one area. The findings from this study provide basic information to develop policies about adolescent extracurricular activities that assist the efforts of adolescents to develop socioemotionally as well as help develop intervention programs to protect adolescents from the risks of social withdrawal.

대상 데이터

The data used in this study was the third wave data (2012) of ‘2010 Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS)’ conducted by the National Youth Policy Institute (NYPI).
The data used in this study was the third wave data (2012) of ‘2010 Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS)’ conducted by the National Youth Policy Institute (NYPI). The survey participants in 2010 were 2,351 first year middle school students recruited using a stratified multi-stage cluster sampling from 12 regions (Seoul Metropolitan City and 11 metropolitan cities and provinces) in South Korea. The survey investigated adolescents’ experience with extracurricular activities that included 9 sections (health activities, scientific information activities, interchange activities, adventure and pioneering activities, culture and art activities, volunteer activities, work experience activities, environmental conservation activities, and self-improvement activities).
Factor analysis was executed on nine sections of extracurricular activities, and only four sections of extracurricular activities, which were considered as social activities, are included in this study. Participants included in the study included 1,139 middle school adolescents who participated in at least one adolescent extracurricular activity such as interchange activities, adventure and pioneering activities, culture and art activities, and volunteer activities. Also, 1,212 adolescents who have never participated in the four sections of extracurricular activities were excluded from the analysis of this study.
This study investigated the indirect effect of satisfaction with adolescent extracurricular activities on social withdrawal through self-esteem and a sense of community in adolescent respondents. The current project used data from the third wave of in the 2010 Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) that consisted of 1,139 adolescent participants who were in their first year of middle school in 2010.

이론/모형

Adolescents reported on self-esteem using Rosenberg’s (1965) Self-Esteem Scale, which was translated by the Behavioral Science Research Center of Korea University.
Despite the limitations, these findings have several important implications. First, this study can be generalized due to its use of panel data from a representative sample gathered using a stratified sampling method of the 2010 Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS). Second, we investigated adolescent extracurricular activities as antecedents that influence social withdrawal due to the lack of research on emotions.

성능/효과

The mean satisfaction score from the four types of activity was used in the analysis; in addition, the internal reliability of this scale was good (Cronbach’s alpha = .85).
First, regarding the indirect path that the satisfaction with adolescent extracurricular activities affected social withdrawal via self-esteem, satisfaction with adolescent extracurricular activities was positively associated with a sense of self-esteem (β=.12, p＜.001), and a sense of self-esteem was negatively associated with social withdrawal (β=-.39, p ＜.001).
Third, regarding the indirect path by which satisfaction with adolescent extracurricular activities affected social withdrawal via a sense of self-esteem and a sense of community, satisfaction with adolescent extracurricular activities was positively associated with a sense of self-esteem (β=.118, p＜.001), and a sense of self-esteem was positively associated with a sense of community (β=.214, p＜.001), which had a negative impact on social withdrawal (β =-.094, p＜.001).
Second, regarding the indirect path by which satisfaction with adolescent extracurricular activities affected social withdrawal via a sense of community, satisfaction with adolescent extracurricular activities was positively associated with a sense of community (β=.186, p＜.001), and a sense of community was negatively associated with social withdrawal (β=-.094, p＜.001).
First, satisfaction with adolescent extracurricular activities had an indirect effect on social withdrawal via self-esteem. Adolescents who displayed greater levels of satisfaction with extracurricular activities also had higher levels of self-esteem, which led to less social withdrawal.
Second, satisfaction with adolescent extracurricular activities as perceived by adolescents affected social withdrawal via a sense of community. The more adolescents perceived satisfaction with adolescent extracurricular activities, the greater their perceived a sense of community, leading to less social withdrawal.
This result follows previous studies which reported that groups that had more participated in adolescent activities (higher participation rates and longer time spent) in the first and second years showed higher social relationship development in the third year (Hwang & An, 2013) and that the peer relationships of adolescents who participated in an adolescent swimming class had a positive effect on a sense of community and improved their social maturity (Kim & Yoo, 2009). The results indicate that the pleasurable perception and experience of an adolescent extracurricular activity enhanced the level of group solidarity, which contributed to promoting a sense of community and assertive social participation, lessening social withdrawal. This suggests a need in adolescents to consider satisfaction with extracurricular activities but also a sense of community when examining social withdrawal.
Third, among the paths in our research model, satisfaction with adolescent extracurricular activities was associated with self-esteem that first affected a sense of community and then social withdrawal. In this process, adolescents’ self-esteem, one mediator variable, affected a sense of community, another mediator variable.
All variables except for social withdrawal were significantly correlated with each other. First, satisfaction with adolescent extracurricular activities was positively correlated with a sense of self-esteem (r=.12, p＜.01), a sense of community (r=.21, p＜.01), but not correlated with social withdrawal. Also, a sense of self-esteem was positively related to a sense of community (r=.

후속연구

There are several limitations of this study as well as valid proposals for future work. First, the main variables selected for this study used a simplified questionnaire conducted by KCYPS; therefore, further studies can scrutinize the relationships among variables by in-depth measurements. Second, this study has limitations regarding the crosssectional design used to examine only students in the first year of middle school.
Second, this study has limitations regarding the crosssectional design used to examine only students in the first year of middle school. Accordingly, further work in the form of longitudinal studies can examine relationships between earlier extracurricular activities and subsequent effect by such activities on social withdrawal. Lastly, this study has the potential problem of shared variance due to the use of a self-report survey by adolescents.
Accordingly, further work in the form of longitudinal studies can examine relationships between earlier extracurricular activities and subsequent effect by such activities on social withdrawal. Lastly, this study has the potential problem of shared variance due to the use of a self-report survey by adolescents. Thus, future studies could use multiple assessments with more objective measurements.

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메일정보	받는사람 (필수) @ 보내는사람 (선택) @ 제목 내용 KISTI 검색결과 이메일 서비스
안내	총 건의 자료가 검색되었습니다. 다운받으실 자료의 인덱스를 입력하세요. (1-10,000) 검색결과의 순서대로 최대 10,000건 까지 다운로드가 가능합니다. 데이타가 많을 경우 속도가 느려질 수 있습니다.(최대 2~3분 소요) 다운로드 파일은 UTF-8 형태로 저장됩니다. 파일의 내용이 제대로 보이지 않을실 때는 웹브라우저 상단의 보기 -> 인코딩 -> 자동선택 여부를 확인하십시오. ~ Text(ASCII format) Excel format