[논문]기술혁신역량이 기업의 지식경영성과에 미치는 요인에 관한 연구: 정부 중소벤처기업 R&D사업을 중심으로

설동철; 박철우

doi:10.16972/apjbve.15.4.202008.193

기술혁신역량이 기업의 지식경영성과에 미치는 요인에 관한 연구: 정부 중소벤처기업 R&D사업을 중심으로
A Study on the Factors Influencing Technology Innovation Capability on the Knowledge Management Performance of the Company: Focused on Government Small and Medium Venture Business R&D Business 원문보기

벤처창업연구= Asia-Pacific journal of business and venturing, v.15 no.4, 2020년, pp.193 - 216

초록
AI-Helper

최근 글로벌 경제의 중장기적 불황과 성장률 하락에 기인하여, 대내외적으로 불투명한 환경하에서 생존하며 발전하기 위한 새로운 대안으로 새로운 서비스와 상품을 탄생시키고 생산방식의 변화와 업무 혁신 등으로 조직의 지속가능성을 높이는 기술혁신에 대한 관심이 날로 높아지고 있다. 이런 분위기 속에서 중소벤처기업의 성장은 국가 경제에 미치는 영향성이 지대하다는 것을 다수가 공감 중이며, 그런 중소벤처기업들이 기업 성과를 높이고 성과의 지속이 가능하도록 구성원들의 기술혁신 역량을 높이기 위한 여러 가지 노력이 지속되고 있다. 본 연구의 목적 역시 중소벤처 기업의 기술혁신 역량이 지식경영의 성과와 어떠한 상관관계를 가지고 있는가를 조사하고 기업의 전략적 활동을 조직화하여 가치 창출에 사용될 자원과 조직 능력을 외부 네트워크로부터 획득하게 하는 네트워크역량이 어떤 역할을 수행하는지에 대해 분석하여 확대 또는 강화해야 하는 영향요인을 정확히 파악하여 내·외부적인 역량을 강화하도록 하는 데 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 기술혁신역량이 중소벤처기업의 네트워크역량을 매개로 삼아, 기술혁신역량이 지식경영성과에 정(+)의 영향을 미칠 것이라는 가설을 검증하고자 한다. 기술혁신역량을 기반으로 한 경제활동이 코로나 등으로 불확실성이 높아진 환경에서 새로운 변화에 신속히 대응하며, 장기적 경기 침체 극복은 물론이고 거시적 경제 성장과 발전을 이끌어 조직의 지속적 성장과 생존뿐 아니라, 국가의 새로운 성장 동력이 될 수 있도록 해야 한다. 그리고 조직 내 가장 중요한 지식경영성과의 종속변수 설정을 통해서 본 연구를 진행하였다. 그 결과 기술혁신역량 중 연구개발역량과 학습역량은 재무적성과에 미치는 영향이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 그에 반해 기업혁신 활동은 재무적성과 및 비재무적성과에 모두 정(+)의 영향성을 가진 것으로 나타났다. 기술혁신역량을 활용하여 연구개발 활동을 하는 중소벤처기업 경영에서 무형적이며 비재무적인 요인 영향성이 확인되는 것은 선행연구 중 기업혁신 활동이 재무적성과에 영향성을 미친다는 다수의 연구와는 반대되는 결과이지만 일부 연구와는 유사한 결과이다. 이런 결과도출의 이유로는 조사기업들 다수의 업력이 7년 이상으로 스타트업 기업은 벗어났으나 매출은 100억 이하인 중소벤처기업들로서 매출 수익 일변도의 스타트업 시점과는 달리 연구개발역량과 학습역량이 재무적인 성과보다 무형적 비재무적성과에 긍정적 영향을 많이 끼치기 때문이라고 생각된다. 기업혁신 활동은 재무와 비재무적성과에 모두 긍정적(+)인 영향을 끼치는 것으로 나타났고, 연구개발역량과 학습역량은 네트워크역량을 매개변수로 재무적성과에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 기업혁신 활동은 네트워크역량의 매개변수 영향성이 재무적성과와 비재무적성과 모두에 없는 것으로 나타났으며, 연구개발역량과 학습역량도 비재무적성과에는 영향성이 없었다. 네트워크역량의 매개변수 효과가 나타내는 것은 연구개발역량과 학습역량이 계량적 재무적성과를 도출할 때로 한정됨을 알 수 있다. 이런 결과들을 토대로 추후 연구개발사업의 성과측정에서는 비재무적성과 측정을 강화하도록 하는 정책 시행을 제시하는 바이다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Due to the recent mid- to long-term slump and falling growth rates in the global economy, interest in organizational structures that create new products or services as a new alternative to survive and develop in an opaque environment both internally and externally, and enhance organizational sustainability through changes in production methods and business innovation is increasing day by day. In this atmosphere, we agree that the growth of small and medium-sized venture companies has a significant impact on the national economy, and various efforts are being made to enhance the technological innovation capabilities of the members so that these small and medium-sized venture companies can enhance and sustain their performance. The purpose of this study is also to investigate how the technological innovation capabilities of small and medium-sized venture companies correlate with the performance of knowledge management and to analyze the role of network capabilities to organize the strategic activities of enterprise to obtain the resources and organizational capabilities to be used for value creation from external networks. In other words, research was conducted on the impact of technological innovation capabilities of small and medium venture companies on knowledge management performance by using network capabilities as parameters. Therefore, in this study, we would like to verify the hypothesis that innovation capabilities will have a positive impact on knowledge management performance by using network capabilities of small and medium venture companies. Economic activities based on technological innovation capabilities should respond quickly to new changes in an environment where uncertainty has increased, and lead to macro-economic growth and development as well as overcoming long-term economic downturns so that they can become the nation's new growth engine as well as sustainable growth and survival of the organization. In addition, this study was conducted by setting the most important knowledge management performance within the organization as a dependent variable. As a result, R&D and learning capabilities among technological innovation capabilities have no impact on financial performance. In contrast, it was shown that corporate innovation activities have a positive impact on both financial and non-financial performance. The fact that non-financial factors such as quality and productivity improvement are identified in the management of small and medium-sized venture companies utilizing their technological innovation capabilities is contrary to a number of studies by those corporate innovation activities affect financial performance during prior research. The reason for this result is that research companies have been out of start-up companies for more than seven years, but sales are less than 10 billion won, and unlike start-up companies, R&D and learning capabilities have more positive effects on intangible non-financial performance than financial performance. Corporate innovation activities have been shown to have a positive (+) impact on both financial and non-financial performance, while R&D and learning capabilities have a positive (+) impact on financial performance by parameters of network capability. Corporate innovation activities have been shown to have no impact on both financial and non-financial performance, and R&D and learning capabilities have no impact on non-financial performance. It could be seen that the parameter effects of network competency are limited to when R&D and learning competencies are derived from quantitative financial performance. It could be seen that the parameter effects of network competency are limited to when R&D and learning competencies are derived from quantitative financial performance.

주제어

질의응답

핵심어	질문	논문에서 추출한 답변
	중소벤처기업의 성장이 국가 경제에 큰 영향을 미친다는 것에 모두 공감하게 된 배경은?	최근 세계 경제의 전반적인 불황과 성장률 하락을 겪고 있는 가운데, 신규 서비스나 상품을 탄생시키고 생산방식의 혁신과 변화를 통해 조직의 지속가능성을 높여주는 조직구조에 대한 관심이 나날이 높아지고 있다. 이러한 분위기 속에서 중소벤처기업의 성장이 국가 경제에 큰 영향을 미친다는 것에 모두 공감하고 있으며, 중소벤처기업이 기업 성과를 높이고 그 성과를 지속할 수 있도록 구성원들의 인적역량을 높이려는 다양한 노력이 지속되고 있다.
	솔로우는 어떤 이론을 제시했는가?	솔로우(R. Solow)는 장기적이고 지속적인 경제성장은 기술진보에 의해서만 가능하다는 외생적 경제 성장이론을 제시하였으며, 그 이후로 기술은 노동 및 자본과 더불어 생산 활동의 주요 투입요소이며 생산성 향상의 결정요인으로 인식되고, 연구개발 활동을 통해 지식이 산출되고 생산된 지식이 기술진보를 가져오면서 경제성장에 기여하게 된다는 주장이 제시되었다(송치웅 외, 2011). 기업에서의 기술혁신은 지속가능한 경영의 가장 중요한 요인 중 하나로서 기업 경쟁력의 원천이고, 지속적 경쟁 우위의 핵심적 요인이자 최상위의 도전요인으로서 중소벤처기업에서 기술혁신은 경쟁력 강화 및 지속적 성장과 지식경영성과 향상을 위한 중요한 도구이다.
	최근 우리나라의 경제 상황은 어떤 국면인가?	본 연구의 목적 역시 중소벤처기업의 혁신기술 역량과 지식경영성과가 어떤 상관관계를 가지고 있는가를 조사하고 네트워크역량이 매개 역할을 하는지에 대해 분석을 하는 데 있다. 최근 우리나라의 경제 상황은 일본의 재도약과 중국의 추격으로 샌드위치 국면에 있는 셈이다. 한은이 '공식적으로' 추정하는 우리나라 잠재성장률은 2.

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