[논문]폴리페놀 함량과 항산화력에 따른 피땅콩 겉껍질의 최적 추출 조건 확립과 항비만 기능성 평가

감다혜; 홍지우; 염서희; 김진우

doi:10.4163/jnh.2021.54.1.116

폴리페놀 함량과 항산화력에 따른 피땅콩 겉껍질의 최적 추출 조건 확립과 항비만 기능성 평가
Polyphenols in peanut shells and their antioxidant activity: optimal extraction conditions and the evaluation of anti-obesity effects 원문보기

Journal of nutrition and health, v.54 no.1, 2021년, pp.116 - 128

감다혜 (선문대학교 식품과학부) , 홍지우 (선문대학교 식품과학부) , 염서희 (선문대학교 식품과학부) , 김진우 (선문대학교 식품과학부)

초록
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본 연구에서는 초음파를 이용하여 농업 부산물인 피땅콩 겉껍질의 추출 조건을 최적화하고 추출물의 항산화능과 항비만 기능성을 측정하였다. 실험설계는 CCD를 이용하였고 독립 변수인 추출 시간, 추출 온도, 에탄올 농도에 따라 TPC, TFC와 RSA를 종속 변수로 설정하여 이들의 값을 최대로 하는 공통 조건을 예측하였다. 각각의 모델식의 R2값은 0.85 이상으로 적합하였으며, 추출 조건으로 추출 온도와 에탄올 농도가 TPC 및 TFC에 유의적인 영향을 주는 것을 알 수 있었다. 반면 RSA는 에탄올 농도에 영향을 많이 받는데, 에탄올 농도가 높을수록 RSA가 높아지다가 최고점을 보인 후 다시 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 최적 추출 조건인 추출 시간 35.8분, 추출 온도 82.7℃와 에탄올 96.0%에서 제조한 추출물의 TPC, TFC와 RSA의 실측치는 예측치와 유사한 값을 나타내어 회귀 방정식이 신뢰할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 추출물의 항비만 기능성 평가를 위한 GIA와 LIA 실험 결과는 각각 86.4%와 78.5%로 열수 추출물보다 높게 나타나 초음파 추출에 의한 생리활성 물질 추출이 효과적임을 알 수 있었다. 이로써 농업 부산물인 피땅콩 겉껍질로부터 고부가가치 생리활성 물질 생산 가능성을 확인하였고 식품, 화장품 및 의약품용 항산화와 항비만 기능성 소재 생산에 있어 원료 공급비용 절감과 효율적인 추출 공정 확보로 산업 전반에서 가격 경쟁력 확보와 환경문제 해결에 기여할 것으로 사료된다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Purpose: The extraction conditions for bioactive components from peanut shells, which is a byproduct of peanut processing, were optimized to enhance the total phenolic content (TPC, Y1), total flavonoid content (TFC, Y2), and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity (RSA, Y3). In addition, this study evaluated the anti-obesity effect of peanut shell extract. Methods: Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) was performed using a response surface methodology. The independent variables applied for extraction were time (X1: 5.0-55.0), temperature (X2: 26.0-94.0), and ethanol concentration (X3: 0.0%-99.5%). Quadratic regression models were derived based on the results of 17 experimental sets, and an analysis of the variance was performed to verify its accuracy and precision of the regression equations. Results: When evaluating the effects of independent variables on responses using statistically-based optimization, the independent variable with the most significant effect on the TPC, TFC, and RSA was the ethanol concentration (p = 0.0008). The optimal extraction conditions to satisfy all three responses were 35.8 minutes, 82.7℃, and 96.0% ethanol. Under these conditions, the inhibitory activities of α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase by the extract were 86.4% and 78.5%, respectively. Conclusion: In this study, UAE showed superior extraction efficiency compared to conventional hot-water extraction in the extraction of polyphenols and bioactive materials. In addition, α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase inhibitory effects were identified, suggesting that peanut shells can be used as effective antioxidants and anti-obesity agents in functional foods and medicines.

주제어

표/그림 (9)

표 Table 1. Peanut shell extraction condition based on central composite design with coded values of 17 experimental sets
표 Table 2. Experimental data on TPC, TFC, RSA of 17 experimental sets based on central composite design by response surface analysis
그림 Fig. 1. The 3-D response surface plots for the effect of 2 independent variables on extraction of TPC from peanut shell. (A) Response surface for the effects of extraction time and ethanol concentration on TPC at fixed level of extraction temperature of 60°C. (B) Response surface for the effects of extraction temperature and ethanol concentration on TPC at fixed level of extraction time of 30 minutes. TPC, total phenolic content.
표 Table 3. Second-order polynomial euqations calculated by central composite design for the optimization of extraction conditions of peanut shell
표 Table 4. Analysis of variance regression coefcients and equation of the TPC, TFC and RSA content by the experimental results
그림 Fig. 2. The 3-D response surface plots for the effect of 2 independent variables on extraction of TFC from peanut shell. (A) Response surface for the effects of extraction time and ethanol concentration on TFC at fixed level of extraction temperature of 60°C. (B) Response surface for the effects of extraction time and extraction temperature on TFC at fixed level of ethanol concentration of 50%. (C) Response surface for the effects of extraction temperature and ethanol concentration on TFC at fixed level of extraction time of 30 minutes. TFC, total flavonoid content.
그림 Fig. 3. The 3-D response surface plots for the effect of 2 independent variables on extraction of RSA from peanut shell. (A) Response surface for the effects of extraction time and extraction temperature on RSA at fixed level of ethanol concentration of 50%. (B) Response surface for the effects of extraction temperature and ethanol concentration on RSA at fixed level of extraction time of 30 minutes. RSA, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity.
그림 Fig. 4. Overlay plot showing optimal analytical design space along with levels of input variables and responses (TPC, TFC and RSA). TPC, total phenolic content; TFC, total flavonoid content; RSA, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity.
표 Table 5. Measurement of GIA and LIA for the validation experiment

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