[논문]인지기능 개선을 위한 식품유래 생리활성소재에 대한 체계적 문헌고찰

강은영; 최봉교; 김현경; 고광웅

doi:10.9721/kjfst.2021.53.3.278

인지기능 개선을 위한 식품유래 생리활성소재에 대한 체계적 문헌고찰
Bioactive compounds in food for age-associated cognitive decline: A systematic review 원문보기

한국식품과학회지 = Korean journal of food science and technology, v.53 no.3, 2021년, pp.278 - 289

강은영 (한양대학교 생활과학대학 식품영양학과) , 최봉교 (한양대학교 생활과학대학 식품영양학과) , 김현경 (한양대학교 생활과학대학 식품영양학과) , 고광웅 (한양대학교 생활과학대학 식품영양학과)

초록
AI-Helper

본 연구는 인지기능 개선에 도움이 되는 천연기능성소재를 선발하기 위해 체계적 문헌고찰을 실시하였다. 2020년 10월 06일 기준 문헌검색을 통해 16,184건을 수집하였고 선택 및 배제 기준에 따라 총 27건의 문헌을 선별하였다. 27건 중 ω-3 지방산 관련 논문 12건, 비타민 B군 관련 논문 8건, 비타민 D와 E 관련 논문 각각 1건이었으며, 안세린/카르노신, 베테인, 카페인, 크로뮴, 피소스티그민 관련 논문이 각각 1건이었다. 각 문헌의 비뚤림 위험 평가를 진행한 결과 ω-3 지방산 관련 논문 2건, 비타민 B군 관련 논문 1건, 베테인, 카페인, 피소스티그민 관련 논문의 비뚤림 위험이 '높음'으로 평가되었고, 비뚤림 위험이 높다고 평가된 6건의 논문들을 제외하고 근거수준평가 및 결과분석을 시행하였다. ω-3 지방산 관련 논문은 6-24개월동안 DHA 0.48-2.2 g, EPA 203-720 mg의 용량을 함께 또는 따로 중재하여 총 1,031명의 대상자 중 437명의 유의적인 효과를 확인하였다. 경도인지장애 환자를 대상으로 진행된 ω-3 지방산 논문에서는 인지기능영역(공간력, 기억력, 회상력, 언어력)과 인지기능 관련 바이오마커(Aβ-42, APP mRNA)를 개선시키는 등 치매개선에 긍정적인 효과를 나타냈다. 그러나 치매 환자를 대상으로 한 ω-3 지방산 연구에서는 인지기능평가에 대한 개선효과를 확인하기 어려웠다. 비타민 B 관련 논문은 6 또는 24개월 동안 엽산 400-800 ㎍, 비타민 B₁₂ 25-500 ㎍, 비타민 B₆ 20 mg의 용량을 함께 또는 따로 중재하여 총 1,180명의 대상자 중 530명에서 유의적인 효과를 확인하였다. 비타민 B군의 섭취는 치매 위험성과 관련된 혈중 호모시스테인 농도를 감소시켰으며, 혈중 ω-3 지방산의 농도와 높은 상관관계를 나타내는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 그 외에 비타민 D와 E는 인지기능관련 바이오마커(Aβ-42, APP mRNA, PS1 mRNA)를 감소시키고 인지기능평가(WAIS-RC, ADAS-cog) 개선효과를 나타냈으며 안세린/카르노신은 치매척도검사를 개선하였고 크로뮴 섭취는 기억력 부분의 인지기능영역을 유의적으로 개선하였다. 그러나 ω-3 지방산과 비타민 B를 제외한 연구들은 선별된 문헌의 개수가 제한적이며, 개선 효과를 판단할 근거가 부족하였다. 중재 기간 및 용량에 따라 결과를 종합하면, ω-3 지방산은 6개월 이상 DHA 0.48-2.2 g, EPA 203-720 mg의 용량을 복합 또는 DHA 단독으로 중재했을 경우 인지기능 개선 효과를 확인할 수 있었으며, 엽산 400-800 ㎍, 비타민 B₁₂ 25-500 ㎍, 비타민 B₆ 20 mg의 용량을 복합 또는 엽산을 단독으로 6개월 이상 중재할 경우 혈중 호모시스테인 농도 감소와 인지능력개선을 확인할 수 있었다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

The rapid aging of society has led to a surge in cognitive dysfunction in the elderly. As there is limited evidence for the development of dementia in medicine, a shift in focus on prevention strategies using bioactive compounds in food is required. This systematic review evaluated the effects of various bioactive compounds on age-associated cognitive decline. The literature was searched for terms related to bioactive compounds in cognitive decline and article selection was limited to clinical randomized controlled trials for a single bioactive compound. We identified 21 studies that evaluated the strength of the evidence. ω-3 fatty acids and vitamin B presented a strong evidence level, whereas vitamin D and E, anserine/carnosine, and chromium were defined as having moderate levels of evidence. ω-3 fatty acids relieved cognitive decline and reduced amyloid β-related protein accumulation. Vitamin B decreased homocysteine levels, which is accompanied by alleviation of cognitive function. In conclusion, ω-3 and vitamin B have the potential to improve age-associated cognitive decline.

주제어

표/그림 (6)

그림 Fig. 1. Strategy and a flow diagram for database search of the systematic review of bioactive compounds in food for cognitive decline.
그림 Fig. 2. Risk of bias assessment in the systematic review of bioactive compounds in food for cognitive decline.
표 Table 1. The certainty of the evidence of bioactive compounds in food for cognitive decline
표 Table 2. Characteristics of included studies in the systematic review of bioactive compounds in food for cognitive decline
표 Table 2. Characteristics of included studies in the systematic review of bioactive compounds in food for cognitive decline
표 Table 2. Characteristics of included studies in the systematic review of bioactive compounds in food for cognitive decline

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Yokota T, lgarashi K, Uchihara T, Jishage KI, Tomita H, Inaba A, Li Y, Arita M, Suzuki H, Mizusawa H, Arai H. Delayed-onset ataxia in mice lacking α-tocopherol transfer protein: model for neuronal degeneration caused by chromic oxidative stress. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 98: 15185-15190 (2001)

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Zhang YP, Miao R, Li Q, Wu T, Ma F. Effects of DHA supplementation on hippocampal volume and cognitive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A 12-month randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J. Alzheimers Dis. 55: 497-507 (2017)

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저자의 다른 논문 :

표제어: PCR

동의어: Packet Collision Rate

용어 설명 출처 목록 (6)

용어 설명: PCR은 세균 특이성이 있는 primer를 이용하여 적은 수의 세균이 있을지라도 쉽게 검출할 수 있는 유용한 방법이며, 이를 이용하여 구강 내 치면세균막이나 타액에서 직접 세균을 검출할 수 있게 되었다[8].

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