[논문]김치, 과일 및 채소 섭취 추세 (1998-2020) 와 섭취 관련 요인 (2016-2020) 분석: 국민건강영양조사 자료를 이용하여

정지원; 박정민; 이유경; 홍성욱; 신상아

doi:10.4163/jnh.2023.56.4.404

김치, 과일 및 채소 섭취 추세 (1998-2020) 와 섭취 관련 요인 (2016-2020) 분석: 국민건강영양조사 자료를 이용하여
Analysis of intake trends of kimchi, fruits and vegetables (1998-2020) and factors associated with the intake (2016-2020): based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 원문보기

Journal of nutrition and health, v.56 no.4, 2023년, pp.404 - 418

정지원 (중앙대학교 식품영양학과) , 박정민 (중앙대학교 식품영양학과) , 이유경 (중앙대학교 식품영양학과) , 홍성욱 (세계김치연구소 연구개발팀) , 신상아 (중앙대학교 식품영양학과)

초록
AI-Helper

본 연구는 국민건강영양조사 자료를 활용하여 한국의 김치 섭취 추세를 분석하고 김치 섭취와 관련 있는 특성을 파악하고자 하였다. 추세 분석에서, 총 81,680 명 (남자 33,988명, 여자 47,692)을 대상으로 연도별 연령표준화 김치, 채소, 과일 평균섭취량을 구하였고, 섭취 추세에 대한 경향성을 확인하였다. 관련 요인 분석에서, 총 22,122명 (남자 15,134명, 여자 6,988명)를 대상으로 김치, 과일, 채소를 기준치 또는 중위수 이상으로 섭취할 오즈비를 특성 변수에 따라 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구에서 남녀 모두 김치 섭취량이 감소하고 있으며, 관련 요인으로 김치의 주된 섭취 장소인 가정에서의 식사 비율 감소, 서구화된 식습관, 식생활에 영향을 주는 배우자의 유무, 1인 가구 증가에 따른 혼자 식사하는 빈도의 증가를 고려해볼 수 있다. 따라서 이러한 요인을 고려한 식생활 지침 마련이 필요하다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the trends in kimchi, vegetable, and fruit consumption among the Korean population and identify the factors associated with this consumption. The goal was to provide fundamental data for developing appropriate guidelines to increase kimchi consumption by understanding its characteristics. Methods: The analysis utilized data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) conducted between 1998 and 2020. A total of 81,680 adults, aged 30 years or older, were included in the trend analysis. For the analysis of factors associated with kimchi, vegetable, and fruit intake, a subgroup of 22,122 adults aged 30 years or older from the KNHANES (2016-2020) was divided into two groups: 30-64 years old and 65 years old or older. Since the KNHANES data employed a complex sampling design, the statistical analysis was conducted using the appropriate complex sampling design method. Results: The overall consumption of kimchi exhibited a declining trend among both men and women. Specifically, there was a significant decline in the intake of baechu kimchi among both genders. The decline in kimchi consumption above the standard was associated with a decrease in meal frequency and an increase in the frequency of eating alone. However, the patterns for unsalted vegetables and fruits differed compared to kimchi. Conclusion: In this study, there was a decline in kimchi consumption among both men and women, and the potential factors associated with this trend included Westernized dietary habits, the presence of a spouse who influenced dietary habits, and an increased frequency of solitary dining due to the rise in single-person households. Therefore, it is necessary to develop dietary guidelines that consider these factors.

주제어

표/그림 (6)

그림 Fig. 1. Trends in the age-standardized intake of kimchi from 1998 to 2020. (A) The trend of baechu kimchi intake. (B) The trend of kkakduki intake. (C) The trend of yeolmu kimchi intake. (D) The trend of nabak kimchi intake. (E) The trend of other kimchi intake. Standardized to the age structure of the 2005 Korean population. The p-value for trend was determined by linear regression analysis with weighting of survey design.
그림 Fig. 2. Trends in the age-standardized intake of total kimchi, unsalted vegetable, and fruit. (A) The trend of total kimchi intake. (B) The trend of kimchi, unsalted vegetable, and fruit intake. (C) The trend of unsalted vegetable intake. (D) The trend of fruit intake. Standardized to the age structure of the 2005 Korean population. The p for trend was determined by linear regression analysis with weighting of survey design.
표 Table 1. General characteristics of participants in KNHANES 2016 to 2020
표 Table 2. Analysis of sociodemographic factors and health behavior factors associated with kimchi intake in 30–64 years old group (n = 15,134)
표 Table 3. Analysis of sociodemographic factors and health behavior factors associated with kimchi intake in 65 years old or older group (n = 6,988)
표 Table 4. Analysis of eating habit and nutrition factors associated with kimchi intake in KNHANES 2016 to 2020

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