초록 ▼

Ⅰ. 배경 및 목적
□ 오늘날 의학이 발전하고 각종 안전대책이 강구되고 있음에도 불구하고 세계적인 인구증가, 전쟁과 각종 사고 그리고 노령화 등으로 장애인수는 계속 늘어날 전망임
○ 많은 장애인은 일상생활, 경제활동 등에 어려움을 겪고 있고 지역사회 통합에도 어려움을 경험하고 있는 것으로 나타나고 있음.
□ 오늘날 선진국들은 장애인정책에 있어 장애인의 자립을 지향점으로 하고 있음. 더 이상 시혜적인 복지정책만으로는 한계가 있음을 인식하고 있음
○ 사회전반에 걸친 장애인에 대한 장벽을 제거하여 비장애인과 동등한

Ⅰ. 배경 및 목적
□ 오늘날 의학이 발전하고 각종 안전대책이 강구되고 있음에도 불구하고 세계적인 인구증가, 전쟁과 각종 사고 그리고 노령화 등으로 장애인수는 계속 늘어날 전망임
○ 많은 장애인은 일상생활, 경제활동 등에 어려움을 겪고 있고 지역사회 통합에도 어려움을 경험하고 있는 것으로 나타나고 있음.
□ 오늘날 선진국들은 장애인정책에 있어 장애인의 자립을 지향점으로 하고 있음. 더 이상 시혜적인 복지정책만으로는 한계가 있음을 인식하고 있음
○ 사회전반에 걸친 장애인에 대한 장벽을 제거하여 비장애인과 동등한 권리주체자로서 장애인인 당사자의 사회참여 등을 지원하여 장애인의 자립을 도모하여 궁극적으로 장애인 복지를 실현하려고 함.
□ '맞춤형 장애인 복지'는 획일적 기준이 아니라 장애인의 특성과 요구를 반영한 장애인 중심의 복지를 구현하는 것임. 이를 통해 장애인이 사회 구성원의 일원으로서 역할을 수행하고 자립할 수 있도록 지원함.
□ 따라서 장애인의 특성과 복지 욕구의 변화에 맞는 소득보장, 의료보장, 주거지원, 생활편의시설 제공, 정보접근권 보장, 일상생활 지원, 장애인복지시설의 제공 등의 대응방안 마련이 필요함.
○ 우리나라의 경우, 장애인과 관련하여 「장애인복지법」, 「장애아동복지지원법」, 「장애인활동 지원에 관한 법률」, 「장애인차별금지 및 권리구제 등에 관한 법률」, 「장애인연금법」 등의 다수 법률이 있음.
○ 그러나, 현행법령에는 장애인의 특성과 욕구를 충분히 반영하지 못하거나 미비된 부분이 존재함.
○ 또한, 장애인복지 관련 법령의 계속되는 개정과 개별법의 제정으로 관련법령의 입법체계에 대한 검토도 필요한 시점이라 할 수 있음
□ 이에 이 보고서는 장애와 장애인의 특성과 요구를 반영하는 장애인복지관련법제의 현황과 문제점을 검토하여 바람직한 개선방안을 마련하는 것을 목적으로 함.

Ⅱ. 주요 내용
□ 장애인 복지 관련 현황
○ 장애인의 개념정의와 장애인복지의 범주
○ 장애인정책종합계획
○ 장애인 복지관련 실태 현황
- 장애유형과 등록 현황, 장애수당 수급자 현황, 장애아동수당 수급자 현황, 장애인연금 현황, 장애인 직업재활 시설 현황 그리고 장애인 고용의무 현황
□ 장애인 복지 관련 현행 법제 현황
○ 장애인 권리보장을 위한 국제적 동향
○ 장애인 인권보장, 고용지원, 교육지원, 주거지원, 의료지원, 장애수당, 장애아동수당과 보호수당, 장애인연금, 자립생활의 지원, 이동 및 편의시설 등에 관한 장애인 보호 및 지원제도 고찰
- 「장애인복지법」, 「장애아동복지지원법」, 「장애인활동 지원에 관한 법률」, 「장애인차별금지 및 권리구제 등에 관한 법률」, 「장애인연금법」, 「장애인·고령자 등 주거약자 지원에 관한 법률」, 「장애인고용촉진 및 직업재활법」, 「장애인기업활동 촉진법」, 「장애인·노인·임산부등의편의증진보장에관한법률」, 「장애인 등에 대한 특수교육법」 등의 규정현황
□ 외국의 장애인 복지관련 법제 현황
:미국과 일본을 중심으로 외국의 장애인복지 관련 법제를 살펴보고 시사점 도출함.
○ 미국
- 장애인법Americans with disabilities act : ADA, 1990년 제정),
- 장애인의 접근성을 보장하는 법제
:통신법(Telecommunications Act of 1996), 21세기 통신 및 비디오 접근성법(Twenty-First Century Communications and Video Accessibility Act of 2010), 노인과 장애인을 위한 선거접근성법(Voting Accessibility for the Elderly and Handicapped Act), 국가유권자등록법(National Voter Registration Act), 건축장애물법(Architectural Barriers Act), 그리고 항공운송접근법(Air Carrier Access Act of 1986, ACAA) 개관
- 장애인 자립 관련 법제
:재활법(Rehabilitation Act)과 장애인교육법(Individuals with Disabilities Education Act)
- 사회보장법(Social Security Act)의 장애인 복지 재정지원 제도
○ 일본
- 「장해자기본법」(1970년 제정), 「知的장해자복지법」(1960년 제정), 「정신보건 및 정신장해자복지에 관한 법률」(1950년 제정), 「신체장해자복지법」(1949년 제정), 「발달장해자지원법」(2004년 제정), 장해자자립지원법(2005년 제정) 등
□ 장애인 복지 관련 법제의 문제점 및 개선방안
: 장애인 복지 관련 법제 현황의 고찰을 통한 문제점을 분석하고 개선방안을 도출함.
○ 장애인법제 체계정비방안
- 「장애인복지법」의 (가칭)「장애인기본법」으로의 개정 동향
○ 장애인등급제의 개선방안
- 의학적 기준에 의한 장애인판정 및 등급부여 제도의 문제점
- 등급별 획일적 복지서비스 제공의 문제점
- 획일적 기준에 의한 서비스 제공을 지양하고 장애인의 특성과 욕구를 반영하는 서비스 제공제도 법제화
○ 장애인 서비스 전담조직의 개선방안
- 장애등급제 개편에 따른 서비스 전달체계를 통합·조정하는 전담조직이 필요
○ 사회복지서비스신청제도의 개선방안
- 공공사정체계 구축 의무조항 명시
- 개인별 욕구에 따른 서비스 제공 노력 의무 명시
- 지자체간 협렵 장치 마련
- 서비스신청 처분에 대한 이의제기 절차 마련
○ 편의시설설치 기준 등의 개선방안
- 최소한의 설치기준에서 최적의 설치기준으로
- 건물의 용도별 편의시설 설치 등급 부여 기준 마련
- 편의시설 설치현황 정보 제공
- 편의시설 미설치 시설에 대한 지도 및 감독 충실

Ⅲ. 기대효과
□ 맞춤형 장애인 복지를 구현할 수 있는 방안을 제시함으로써 장애인의 사회참여와 그를 통한 자립을 구현할 수 있는입법 정책 수립에 기여
□ 현행 장애인복지 관련 법제의 개선방안을 제시함으로써 향후 관련 법령의 제·개정 입법시 참고자료로 활용

Abstract ▼

I. Background and Purposes
□ The number of persons with disabilities is going to increase due to the growth of population in the world, the outbreak of war, the occurrence of various accidents, the advent of aging society and other similar events even though medical industry has been developing a

I. Background and Purposes
□ The number of persons with disabilities is going to increase due to the growth of population in the world, the outbreak of war, the occurrence of various accidents, the advent of aging society and other similar events even though medical industry has been developing and many safety measures have been taken.
○ It has been found that a lot of persons with disabilities have been experiencing difficulties in their daily life and economic activities and have difficulty in mingling with others of their local community.
□ Many developed countries aim at making persons with disabilities self-supporting. It is acknowledged that providing welfare benefits is imperfect.
○ Those countries strive for the eventual implementation of welfare for persons with disabilities by helping them to participate in social activities as persons who are the subject of rights and equivalent to persons without disabilities so as to support their effort to be self-supporting and by removing barriers that persons with disabilities face the everyday society
□ ‘Customized welfare for persons with disabilities’ is not an uniformed standard, but the realization of disabled persons-centered welfare in consideration of their characteristics and needs. During the process of realization of the welfare system, support will be provided for persons with disabilities to play a role as the members of the society and to help them self-supporting.
□ Therefore, it is necessary to come up with, in consideration of the characteristics of persons with disabilities and their needs for welfare, such effective measures as ensuring earnings of persons with disabilities, securing medical support, providing housing assistance, establishing amenities, guaranteeing of accessibility to information, supporting daily life living, and assuring facilities for persons with disabilities.
○ The Welfare of Disabled Persons Act, the Act on Support for Disabled Children’s Welfare, the Act on Activity Assistant Services for Persons with Disabilities, the Act on Prohibition of Discrimination against Disabled Persons, Remedy against Infringement of their Rights, Etc., the Act on Pensions for Persons with Disabilities, and other relevant Acts exist in Korea.
○ However, current laws and regulations have some inadequate or insufficient provisions that do not cover the characteristics and needs of persons with disabilities.
○ Also, it is time for re-examining the current legislation system regarding welfare of persons with disabilities because laws and regulations thereon have been continuously amended and several individual Acts thereon have been enacted.
□ This study aims at preparing desirable suggestions for the improvement of current laws regarding welfare of persons with disabilities by reviewing the current status of and issues on them in terms of disabilities as well as the characteristics and needs of persons with disabilities.

II. Major Contents
□ Current status of welfare of Persons with disabilities
○ Definitions and categories of Persons with disabilities
○ Master plan for policy for persons with disabilities
○ Current status of welfare of persons with disabilities
-Types of disabilities and registration as persons with disabilities, current status of disability allowance recipients, current status of recipients receiving allowance for a child with disability, current status of the disability pension, current status of vocational rehabilitation facilities for persons with disabilities, and employment quota for persons with disabilities
□ Current status of laws regarding welfare of persons with disabilities
○ International trends in protecting the rights of persons with disabilities
○ Overview on protection of human rights of persons with disabilities; employment support; education assistance; housing support; medical assistance; disability allowance; allowance for children with disabilities and protection of those children; assistance for self-supporting; protection of persons with disabilities and support system regarding transportation and amenities
- Relevant provisions under the Welfare of Disabled Persons Act, the Acton Support for Disabled Children’s Welfare, the Act on Activity Assistant Services for Persons with Disabilities, the Act on Prohibition of Discrimination against Disabled Persons, Remedy against Infringement of their Rights, Etc., the Act on Pensions for Persons with Disabilities, the Act on Support for Housing Disadvantaged Persons, including Persons with Disabilities and Aged Persons, the Employment Promotion and Vocational Rehabilitation of Disabled Persons Act, the Promotion of Disabled Persons’ Enterprise Activities Act, the Act on Guarantee of Promotion of Convenience of Persons with Disabilities, the Aged, Pregnant Women, Etc,, and other relevant Acts.
□ Current status of legislation regarding persons with disabilities in other countries: Implications based on findings on legislation regarding persons with disabilities in the United States and Japan
○ United States
-Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990(ADA)
-Laws regarding accessibility for persons with disabilities
: Overview of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, the Twenty-First Century Communications and Video Accessibility Act of 2010, the Voting Accessibility for the Elderly and Handicapped Act, the National Voter Registration Act, the Architectural Barriers Act, the Air Carrier Access Act of 1986 (ACAA)
- Laws prescribing provisions to make persons with disabilities self-supporting
: Overview of the Rehabilitation Act and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
- Government funding for welfare programs for persons with disabilities
: Overview of the Social Security Act
○ Japan
-The Framework Act on Persons with Disabilities (Enactment in 1970), the Act on Welfare of Persons with Intellectual Disability (Enactment in 1960), the Act on Mental Health and Welfare of Person with Intellectual Disability (Enactment in 1950), the Act on Persons with Physical Disability (Enactment in 1949), the Act on Support for Persons with Developmental Disorder (Enactment in 2004), the Act on Assistance for Self-Supporting of Persons with Disabilities (Enactment in 2005), and other similar Acts
□ Current issues on laws regarding welfare of persons with disabilities and suggestions for improvement there of
: Analysis of issues from the study on the current status of laws regarding welfare of persons with disabilities and suggestions for improvement of the laws
○ Suggestion for the improvement of laws regarding welfare of persons with disabilities
- An amendment of the Welfare of Disabled Persons Act, under which its title would be modified as the Framework Act on Persons with Disabilities (Tentative name)
○ Suggestion for the improvement of the rating system for persons with disabilities
- Issues regarding the assessment and rating of disabilities according to medical criteria
- Uniform provision of welfare service according to the rating classification
- Legislation for providing welfare service in consideration of the characteristics and needs of persons with disabilities and preventing the provision of uniformed welfare service
○ Suggestion for an organization taking full charge of service for persons with disabilities
- Necessity of an organization which integrates and coordinates welfare service provided according to a revised rating system
○ Suggestion for improvement of the system for application of social welfare service
- Clear statement of mandatory provisions prescribing the establishment of public assessment system
- Clear statement of obligation to strive for efforts in providing welfare service in consideration of personal needs
- Cooperation, request, and transfer between local governments
- Establishment of procedures to raise objections against dispositions rendered in terms of applying for welfare service
○ Suggestion for improvement of standards for establishment of amenities, etc.
- From minimum standards for establishment to optimum standards therefor
- Preparation of rating scales for amenities depending on the uses of buildings
- Provision of information on the current status of establishment of amenities
- Instruction and supervision of facilities in which amenities have not been installed.

III. Expected Effects
□ Contribution to formulate legislative policies to materialize the participation of persons with disabilities in social activities so as to realize their self-supporting efforts by suggesting methods to embody the provision of customized welfare for persons with disabilities.
□ Suggestions for the improvement of the current laws regarding welfare of persons with disabilities and use of them as source materials to improve the enactments and amendments of relevant laws and regulations for the future.