초록

ㅇ 청소년 한부모 대상 당사자 정책욕구 등 의견수렴
ㅇ 현장 활동가·시설 종사자 등 현장 의견 분석
ㅇ 부처별 한부모 지원 정책 파악 및 연계방안 도출
- 청소년 한부모 지원 정책 현황 등 파악
ㅇ 청소년 한부모 자립프로그램 개발 및 정책제언

(출처 : 프리즘)

Abstract ▼

The objective of this study is to suggest a policy package designed to build a foundation of self-reliance for single-parent families headed by adolescents (hereafter “single adolescent parents) through short-term intensive support. Single adolescent parents carry the triple burden of their own grow

The objective of this study is to suggest a policy package designed to build a foundation of self-reliance for single-parent families headed by adolescents (hereafter “single adolescent parents) through short-term intensive support. Single adolescent parents carry the triple burden of their own growth, child rearing, and financial support of raising a family. Children in Korea today face a high probability of being born to an unwed mother and of living with a single adolescent parent, as there is a rise of the “Sampo Generation” - those who give up three things essential to what is normally considered a complete life; relationships, marriage, and childbirth. Since 2010, the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family has initiated ‘Single Adolescent Parent Families Support Program’ and strengthened policy interventions. Other related government departments like Ministry of Health and Welfare also has expanded various policies for single adolescent parents. However, the actual level of support for single adolescent parents is not sufficiently high. Therefore, this study is aimed at suggesting a policy package designed to improve the effectiveness by providing short-term intensive support for single adolescent parents. Statistical analyses and focus group interviews were conducted, and the status of single adolescent parent support policies was reviewed based on each policy area of various government departments.
Analysis results for each policy area and suggestions for a policy package are as the following. First, childcare services have become universal but complementary social networks were required for single adolescent parents with young children. As single adolescent parents are likely to have a narrow circle of social networks and to be more socially isolated, they often face difficulties dealing with child care in emergency situations. For this reason, childcare support network needs to be scrupulously developed. It is suggested that single adolescent parents are given priority access to ‘personal childcare service at home’ operated by the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family. It is also needed that supporter groups are organized and fostered by unwed mothers associations in order to better understand and support single adolescent parents and to provide childcare services in emergency situations.
Second, single parents have priority access to facilities designed for single parents and to public rental housing. But, single adolescent parents lack information on public rental housing or face difficulties during support processes even if they have knowledge of it, which makes the role of care managers critical. The provision of public rental housing for only single adolescent parents and single parents also needs to be expanded. Because most single adolescent parents do not have income, financial assistance for security deposits and rent fees is suggested.
Third, most single adolescent parents responded that their living expenses are covered by government financial aid and those with children younger than two years old have never been economically active. Cash benefits for single adolescent parents can be considered in two aspects: enhancing access to existing cash benefit programs and building a separate cash benefit system for single adolescent parents. To enhance their access to existing cash benefits, it needs to strengthen beneficiary rights of national basic living security with assistance of case managers working closely during application processes. To build a separate cash benefit system for single adolescent parents, it is suggested to extend the coverage of self-reliance promotion allowance for single adolescent parents. Based on the reviews of ‘Conditional Cash Transfer’ which is being operated by South American countries, incentive pay programs by each phase of self-reliance can be considered.
Fourth, single adolescent parents can be divided into those who dropped out of school before pregnancy and those who continued their education. For the former, financial support for a school qualification examination and unauthorized alternative schools are being provided and tuition fee support and entrusted alternative schools for the latter. Tuition fee support is operated via schools but single adolescent parents are unlikely to use to avoid identification exposure; therefore, the receipt system needs to be changed in which they can submit applications and receive benefits in person at Dong offices. The entrusted alternative schools are designed for enrolled single adolescent parent students to continue their education, maintaining their original school register in a preset period. As unwed mothers associations or communities operate the schools, childcare services are provided while they are in class and students’ health and physical conditions are monitored as well as high regional accessibility. Despite these merits, the quality of educational institution needs to be developed in terms of increasing the quality of teachers’ abilities and curriculums. On the other hand, for those who dropped out of school before pregnancy, unauthorized alternative schools are provided instead of entrusted alternative schools. The unauthorized alternative schools are rarely investigated or monitored by the Ministry of Education along with inadequate support systems, which requires management at the government level. It is also suggested to simplify the school register restoration process for the drop-out single adolescent parents to be included in the institutional system.
Fifth, ‘job success package’ can be the critical support program among various employment support policies for single adolescent parents. ‘Job success package’ is designed to ease the burden of maintaining a living by providing benefits by phases during their participation, which increased the satisfaction level of single adolescent parents. However, some participants have experienced ‘revolving door phenomenon’ that they dropped out of job-hunting processes or faced conflicts due to lack of understanding of their aptitude. Thus, it is suggested to strengthen case management to help them explore their aptitude actively and build specific career goals. Exceptions need to apply when they miss employment training programs due to child care (e.g., hospitalized child) so that they continue to participate in the programs. In the long term, these employment training and education programs need to be aimed at increasing single adolescent parents’ human capital and at helping them build systematic career goals and acquire good quality jobs.
Lastly, the role of case management is critical in supporting single adolescent parents’ self-reliance. Especially, hub institutes for unwed single parent families would best support single adolescent parents with professional case management. But, they lack professional manpower, resulting in shortage of connections with other agencies. It is suggested to have hub institutes for unwed single parent families take the role of care managers by strengthening their competences. In order to mitigate vulnerability of public welfare delivery system, which depreciate the expertise of women and family services, it is suggested to assign exclusive teams and professionals for women and family services in the public welfare delivery system.

(출처 : Abstract 191p)

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1
• 연구요약 ... 4
• 목차 ... 28
• 표목차 ... 31
• 그림목차 ... 33
• Ⅰ. 서 론 ... 36
• 1. 연구배경 및 연구목적 ... 37
• 2. 연구내용 및 방법 ... 39
• 가. 연구내용 ... 39
• 나. 연구방법 ... 39
• Ⅱ. 청소년한부모 주요 특성과 정책욕구 ... 41
• 1. 청소년한부모 조사통계 분석 ... 42
• 가. 돌봄과 사회적 지지망 ... 42
• 나. 주거 ... 49
• 다. 소득보장 ... 53
• 라. 교육 ... 56
• 마. 취업 및 직업훈련 ... 62
• 바. 정책접근성 ... 74
• 2. 청소년한부모 포커스집단 인터뷰 분석 ... 77
• 가. 인터뷰 대상자 선정과 인터뷰 참여자의 인구학적 특성 ... 77
• 나. 포커스 그룹 인터뷰 내용 분석 ... 79
• 다. 소결 ... 105
• Ⅲ. 청소년한부모 자립 지원 정책 현황 ... 107
• 1. 돌봄지원: 영유아를 위한 돌봄 지원 ... 108
• 가. 보육･유아교육서비스 지원 ... 108
• 나. 아이돌봄 지원 ... 111
• 다. 양육수당 지원 ... 112
• 라. 청소년한부모 돌봄지원에의 함의 ... 113
• 2. 주거지원 ... 115
• 가. 한부모가족시설 ... 115
• 나. 저소득층 한부모를 위한 주택정책 ... 117
• 다. 주거비 지원 정책 ... 120
• 라. 한부모 매입임대 주거지원 ... 122
• 마. 청소년한부모 주거지원에의 함의 ... 123
• 3. 현금지원 ... 125
• 가. 기초생활보장사업 ... 125
• 나. 저소득한부모 아동양육비 및 청소년한부모 자립지원사업 ... 129
• 다. 양육비 이행 지원 ... 130
• 라. 청소년한부모 현금지원에의 함의 ... 132
• 4. 교육지원 ... 134
• 가. 청소년한부모 교육비지원 ... 135
• 나. 위탁형 대안교육기관 ... 136
• 다. 비인가 대안교육기관 ... 138
• 라. 청소년한부모 교육지원에의 함의 ... 141
• 5. 취업지원 ... 145
• 가. 취업성공패키지 ... 145
• 나. 여성새로일하기센터 ... 152
• 다. 취업사관학교 ... 157
• 라. 청소년한부모 취업지원에의 함의 ... 158
• 6. 사례관리 ... 160
• 가. 미혼모부자 거점기관의 출산 및 양육시 위기지원 ... 160
• 나. 드림스타트센터 ... 162
• 다. 경기도 무한돌봄센터 ... 165
• 라. 서울특별시 한부모 생활코디네이터 ... 166
• 마. 청소년한부모 사례관리에의 함의 ... 167
• Ⅳ. 청소년한부모 지원 제도 개선방안 ... 170
• 1. 청소년한부모 지원현황 요약 및 장단기 지원방향 ... 171
• 가. 청소년한부모 자립지원: 대상과 목적 ... 171
• 나. 돌봄지원 ... 173
• 다. 주거지원 ... 174
• 라. 현금지원 ... 176
• 마. 교육지원 ... 177
• 바. 취업지원 ... 180
• 사. 사례관리 ... 183
• 2. 청소년한부모 자립지원 패키지(안) ... 185
• 참고문헌 ... 188
• Abstract ... 191
• 끝페이지 ... 195