공급사슬지능 : 시스템 다이나믹스를 이용한 재고 과부족 경험이 공급사슬에 미치는 영향 분석 Supply Contract Intelligence : The Impact of Stockout and Overstock Experiences Using System Dynamics Simulation Model원문보기
본 연구는 재고 과부족 경험을 주문에 반영하고자 하는 구매자의 행동적 경향이 공급사슬의 성과에 미치는 영향에 대해 고찰하였다. 이를 위해 한국의 대표적인 소매점 몇 곳의 경영자와의 인터뷰 결과를 토대로 시스템 다이나믹스시뮬레이션 기법을 사용하여 분석을 수행하였다. 공급사슬 전체 이익, 판매자 이익, 구매자 이익, 주문량, 판매량, 재고초과, 재고부족 등 다양한 공급사슬 성과 변수에 대한 분석 결과 서로 다른 공급 계약은 서로 다른 공급사슬의 성과를 가져왔다. 또한, 구매자의 행동적 요소는 공급계약의 성과에 중요한 영향을 미치고 있었다. 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 공급계약은 공급사슬 참여자들의 행동적 특성을 충분히 반영하여 수립되어야 함을 알 수 있다.
본 연구는 재고 과부족 경험을 주문에 반영하고자 하는 구매자의 행동적 경향이 공급사슬의 성과에 미치는 영향에 대해 고찰하였다. 이를 위해 한국의 대표적인 소매점 몇 곳의 경영자와의 인터뷰 결과를 토대로 시스템 다이나믹스 시뮬레이션 기법을 사용하여 분석을 수행하였다. 공급사슬 전체 이익, 판매자 이익, 구매자 이익, 주문량, 판매량, 재고초과, 재고부족 등 다양한 공급사슬 성과 변수에 대한 분석 결과 서로 다른 공급 계약은 서로 다른 공급사슬의 성과를 가져왔다. 또한, 구매자의 행동적 요소는 공급계약의 성과에 중요한 영향을 미치고 있었다. 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 공급계약은 공급사슬 참여자들의 행동적 특성을 충분히 반영하여 수립되어야 함을 알 수 있다.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of behavioral factors (buyer's tendency to reflect stockout and overstock experiences in ordering decision) on the supply chain performance. This study employs system dynamics to examine the influence of these behavioral factors derived from ...
The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of behavioral factors (buyer's tendency to reflect stockout and overstock experiences in ordering decision) on the supply chain performance. This study employs system dynamics to examine the influence of these behavioral factors derived from the interview with several representatives of retailers in South Korea. The results show that different contract can bring different performance (total profit, seller's profit, buyer's profit, order quantity, sales quantity, overstock, and stockout). The results also suggest that these behavioral factors play a significantly influential role in the performance of supply contract. These results imply that supply contract should be established based on the analysis of behavioral factors of supply chain participants.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of behavioral factors (buyer's tendency to reflect stockout and overstock experiences in ordering decision) on the supply chain performance. This study employs system dynamics to examine the influence of these behavioral factors derived from the interview with several representatives of retailers in South Korea. The results show that different contract can bring different performance (total profit, seller's profit, buyer's profit, order quantity, sales quantity, overstock, and stockout). The results also suggest that these behavioral factors play a significantly influential role in the performance of supply contract. These results imply that supply contract should be established based on the analysis of behavioral factors of supply chain participants.
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문제 정의
Despite these limitations, this study presents some contributions in terms of the fact that it shows the importance of behavioral factors in supply contract performance. If more supply contract models other than buyback and revenue sharing models are analyzed, it can shed more light on the influence of these factors.
Buyback and revenue sharing contract are employed, because they are one of the most frequently used contracts as the alternative models to improve the performance of supply chain and known to increase the total value of whole supply chain (Pasternack, 1985; Cachon and Lariviere, 2005). The purpose of this study is to investigate how stockout and overstock experiences affect the profit of market participants and performance variables in supply chain for both short term and long term. To do this, system dynamics program, Vensim DSS 5.
Therefore, focusing on the impact of stockout and overstock experiences of the supply chain participants, this study tries to find which type of contracts has positive impact on performance of the firm according to different situation. We model the newsvendor model for simulation and compared this base model with buyback contract model and revenue sharing model to investigate the effect of each contract.
제안 방법
However, the results of this study can be generalized due to the fact that the interviewed retailers were the representative companies with high market share in their industries. In addition, this study employs only the stockout and overstock experiences as behavioral factors, even though there might be a variety of other behavioral factors which influence the performance of supply contract.
This study delineates the influence of behavioral factors (buyer’s tendency to reflect stockout and overstock experiences in supply contract) in price only, buyback, and revenue sharing contract.
, 2005). This study starts with the standard newsvendor model in which a manufacturer sells products to independent purchasers facing uncertain demands and extends it by applying the characteristics of buyback contract and revenue sharing contract, assuming stockout and overstock experiences.
To build up the simulation model, we set up exogenous variables: actual demand, seller’s cost, wholesale price, price, and salvage cost.
As shown in [Table 1], by using scenario method we calculated the permissible rate, which maximizes buyer’s profit. We put five permissible rates, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, into each supply contract model and simulated 10 times.
데이터처리
With these results, we employed t-test to examine the significance of the influence which the stockout and overstock experiences have on the supply chain performance. For this analysis, we simulated each model for 200 times.
이론/모형
The estimated increase of total profits in this industry by revenue sharing contracts were up to 7% (Mortimer, 2008). The revenue sharing model was also able to coordinate the standard newsvendor model (Cachon and Lariviere, 2005).
후속연구
If more supply contract models other than buyback and revenue sharing models are analyzed, it can shed more light on the influence of these factors. Also, further study on the other behavioral factors affecting supply contract performance might give some additional insight for developing appropriate supply contract.
Third, this study can help firm managers to decide the level of price discount or revenue sharing when they make supply contracts. Fourth, based on the results of this study, supply chain members can cooperate to improve the overall performance of the whole supply chain.
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