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NTIS 바로가기兒童學會誌 = Korean journal of child studies, v.34 no.1, 2013년, pp.161 - 173
This study explored the relationships between parenting behavior, preschooler's effortful control, and social adjustment. The subjects were 351 preschoolers(174 boys, 177 girls) and their parents. The major results of this study were as follows. First, there were significant relationships among the ...
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핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
---|---|---|
적응이란? | 적응(adjustment)은 인간과 환경 간의 관계로 개체가 환경에 대하여 적합한 행동이나 태도를 취하는 것을 의미한다. 따라서 한 인간이 환경과의 상호작용 속에서 조화를 이루어 성공적인 관계를 형성해 타인과 원만한 인간관계를 맺고 집단의 규범에 순응하며 독립된 성원으로서 적합한 역할을 수행하고 있으면, 잘 적응하였다고 볼 수 있다(Moon, 2010). | |
유아의 사회적 적응과 관련된 요소 중 개인적 특성에는 어떤 것이 있는가? | 한편, 유아의 사회적 적응과 관련된 요소들은 다양하다. 유아의 적응을 다룬 선행연구들(Ji & Lee, 2009; Kim, 1996; Lee & Seo, 2006; Park, 2010; Song & Kwon, 2003)에 따르면, 사회적 적응과 관련이 있는 유아의 개인적 특성으로는 성, 연령, 기질뿐만 아니라 정서지능, 사회적 유능감, 문제행동 및 행동조절 능력 등이 있으며, 유아의 환경적 요인으로는 가정환경, 양육행동, 유아교육프로그램의 질적인 측면 등이 있다. | |
의도적 통제란? | 즉, 기질의 자기 조절적 측면인 의도적 통제(effortful control)는 부모의 양육행동과 유아의 적응 간의 관계에 있어 매개변인으로 작용함으로써 유아의 적응에 영향을 줄 것으로 추측된다. 의도적 통제는 하위 반응을 수행하기 위해 우세한 반응을 억제하는 능력(Rothbart & Bates, 1998)으로 정의되며 주의력과 행동을 의지적으로 혹은 자발적으로 억제하고, 활성화하고, 변화시키는 능력을 의미한다(Eisenberg, Smith, & Spinrad, 2011). 또한 의도적 통제는 개인의 사회적 기능에 있어서 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 밝혀지고 있는데, 예를 들어, Cumberland-Li, Eisenberg와 Reiser(2004)의 연구에 따르면, 유아의 의도적 통제는 자아탄력성과 친화성에 영향을 주었으며, Eisenberg 등(2003)의 연구에서는 의도적 통제가 높은 아동이 사회적으로 적절한 행동을 많이 하는 것으로 나타났다. |
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