[논문]지역약국 약료서비스 제공의 장애요인: 약사 대상 설문조사

손현순; 김성옥; 주경미; 박혜경; 한은아; 안형태; 최상은

지역약국 약료서비스 제공의 장애요인: 약사 대상 설문조사
Pharmacists' Perceptions of Barriers to Providing Appropriate Pharmaceutical Services in Community Pharmacies 원문보기

한국임상약학회지 = Korean journal of clinical pharmacy, v.25 no.2, 2015년, pp.94 - 101

손현순 (차의과학대학교 임상약학대학원) , 김성옥 (인제대학교 약학대학) , 주경미 (데일리팜) , 박혜경 (성균관대학교 약학대학) , 한은아 (연세대학교 약학대학) , 안형태 (고려대학교 약학대학) , 최상은 (고려대학교 약학대학)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Background: In order to achieve the goals of community pharmacy practice, its legal, labour-related, and economic barriers need to be identified. This study examined pharmacists' perceptions of constraints on providing optimal pharmacy services in order to identify underlying factors and analyse the associations between barriers and pharmaceutical services in community pharmacies. Methods: A survey targeting pharmacy owners was conducted from May to June 2012 using a structured questionnaire including nine pharmaceutical service items. According to the service provision level, we classified pharmacists as inactive (fewer than 5 items among the listed 9 service items) and active providers (5 or more items). Principal component analysis was used to group significant factors for barriers into four thematic components. Associations between the participants' demographics and pharmacy characteristics and the services provided were explored by logistic regression analyses. Results: Participants were 402 pharmacists. Over 60% provided disease management services for hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidaemia. Variables that affected pharmaceutical services included the lack of separate areas for patient counselling (OR: 2.12, 95% CI: 1.18-3.80), and clinical knowledge and information-related barriers (OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.36-0.97). Conclusion: Strategies for improving clinical knowledge and providing expeditious information are necessary in order to improve community pharmacy services.

주제어

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문제 정의

Despite the aforementioned limitations, this survey allows us to address areas for change within community pharmacies to enhance the pharmacist’s role and value in society, by investigating the current status of community pharmacies and identifying factors influencing the active provision of community pharmacy services.
This study attempted to identify barriers to optimal pharmacy services as perceived by pharmacists, to examine the factors influencing those perceived barriers, and to determine the associations between barriers and the implementation of pharmaceutical services in community pharmacies. The findings could help design strategies to help community pharmacies provide optimal services.
This study attempted to identify barriers to optimal pharmacy services as perceived by pharmacists, to examine the factors influencing those perceived barriers, and to determine the associations between barriers and the implementation of pharmaceutical services in community pharmacies. The findings could help design strategies to help community pharmacies provide optimal services.

제안 방법

Our study has a few limitations. First, this study was confined to a limited number of community pharmacists recruited from participants in a conference and a training programme, and a random sampling method was not employed. The findings have not been obtained from a representative sample, and may have skewed the results; for example, most participants owned pharmacies in metropolitan areas.
The 16 barriers were grouped under the following four factors using principal component analysis: time and workforce-related barrier (Factor 1); clinical knowledge and information-related barrier (Factor 2); circumstance-related barrier (Factor 3); and miscellaneous barrier, such as the patient’s demand for pharmacists’ services and the lack of collaboration with prescribers (Factor 4) (Table 3).
The self-administered questionnaire was specifically designed for this study to investigate the status of pharmacy services provided by the respondents and document their perceptions of the barriers that prevent them from providing optimal pharmaceutical services. The questionnaire was based on previous research in pharmacy.
The structured questionnaire included three sections: (1) participants’ demographics and pharmacy practice characteristics; (2) pharmaceutical services provided; and (3) their perception on 16 potential barriers that limit the provision of pharmacy services.

대상 데이터

Of the 402 pharmacists who participated in this survey, 55.4% were women and 69.1% were aged 40-59 years.
^10-14) and consultations with several experts in the field as well as community pharmacists. The questionnaire was suitably modified after a pilot study on seven pharmacists. The structured questionnaire included three sections: (1) participants’ demographics and pharmacy practice characteristics; (2) pharmaceutical services provided; and (3) their perception on 16 potential barriers that limit the provision of pharmacy services.

데이터처리

The impact of perceived barriers on the provision of services was explored using logistic regression analysis, by calculating the odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).

이론/모형

Respondents’ perceptions of the extent of the presence of each barrier were measured using a five-point Likert scale (strongly disagree, disagree, neutral, agree, and strongly agree), with higher scores implying greater presence.

성능/효과

3)Average working hours of full-time and part-time non-pharmacist supporting staff per week were 38 hours and 15 hours, respectively.
Of the 16 potential barriers, the lack of legal support received the highest score, and thus was perceived as the greatest barrier (mean score 3.33). This was followed by time constraints (mean 3.

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